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Yuri al Espacio

El límite de la atmósfera suele situarse en la línea de Kármán, situada a 100 kilómetros de altura, altura que Gagarin sobrepasó con creces en su misión, ya que el perigeo de la única órbita que describió su nave estuvo a 169 kilómetros, mientras que el apogeo alcanzó los 327 kilómetros.
Gagarin, sin embargo, no fue el primer ser vivo en salir al espacio, sino que fue precedido desde finales de los años 40 por moscas, semillas de maíz, musgo, monos, ratones, perros, chimpancés, y ratas, entre otros.



De hecho, fue la famosa perra Laika el primer animal en entrar en órbita, aunque falleció durante su misión el 3 de noviembre de 1957, pues el Sputnik 2 a bordo del que viajaba no estaba diseñado para ser recuperado.
Estos animales demostraron que no había ningún tipo de barrera que los hiciera caer fulminados al llegar al espacio y que era posible soportar las tremendas fuerzas implicadas en los lanzamientos y la reentrada.
Pero de todos modos, los responsables médicos e ingenieros del programa espacial soviético no tenían forma de saber cómo iba a reaccionar un ser humano a un lanzamiento y a su entrada en órbita, por lo que la Vostok 1 de Gagarin estaba dotada de un mínimo de controles.



Fuente: rtve.es

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